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The acp-eu-trade.org newsletter -- No. 30/June 2009
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In this issue:
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I. Trade Negotiations Insights Vol.8, No.5
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II. News: Highlights of the month
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III. Selection from the acp-eu-trade.org Library
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IV. Resources from Recent Events
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V. Resources on Upcoming Events
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Dear readers,
Welcome to the June issue of the acp-eu-trade.org newsletter!
Below you will find a link to the June issue of Trade Negotiations Insights, a collection of press articles published during the past month and a selection of recently added documents in the acp-eu-trade.org library. As usual, we also provide some resources on recent and upcoming events relevant to ACP-EU trade relations.
We would also like to draw your attention to a vacancy announcement by our partner organisation ICTSD:
Job vacancy announcement: Editor for Trade Negotiations Insights / Eclairage (deadline 30 June 2009)
ACP-EU stakeholders are encouraged to participate in the various services provided via this website with the aim to exchange relevant information, build up trade negotiating capacity and facilitate networking activities. We therefore invite our readers to take an active role in www.acp-eu-trade.org by:
- Registering on-line as a trade and development expert to help mobilise the best expertise in ACP-EU trade and development matters and give interested parties easier access to information on relevant internationally recognized experts or consultants;
- Submitting relevant background and policy documents, news and links that will enrich the ACP-EU trade debate;
- Subscribing to our monthly newsletter as well as other partners' to be kept informed of latest developments in the ACP-EU trade realm;
- Sharing your views on the current ACP-EU Trade debate and providing feedback on the relevance and future focus areas of www.acp-eu-trade.org
We appreciate any feedback on this newsletter and look forward to your reactions. You may send your comments to acpeutrade@ecdpm.org.
Enjoy your reading!
Editors: Corinna Braun-Munzinger, Stéphanie Colin (sco@ecdpm.org), Mathilde Bouyé (mb@ecdpm.org)
I. Trade Negotiations Insights Vol.8, No.5
The June 2009 issue of Trade Negotiations Insights (TNI), a joint monthly publication by ICTSD and ECDPM, is available online at: www.ictsd.org/tni/index.htm and www.acp-eu-trade.org/tni
Trade Negotiations Insights, Vol. 8, No. 5, June 2009
• Putting Substance into PACER Plus (Pacific Institute of Public Policy)
• Editorial & News and publications In brief
• The ECOWAS EPA: A ‘Funeral Oration’ to Regional Integration ? (Ken Ukaoha)
• Africa and the Economic Crisis: The Case for Greater Flexibility in EPAs (Emily Jones)
• Private Sector Participation in Aid for Trade: Breaking Barriers to Private Sector Growth (Trevor Simumba)
• The Union for the Mediterranean: Progress,Difficulties and Way Forward (Stéphanie Colin)
• WTO Roundup
• EPA Negotiations update
• Calendar and resources
Eclairage sur les Négociations, Vol.8, No. 5 juin 2009
• Étoffer le PACER Plus (Institut des Politiques publiques du Pacifique)
• Éditorial Nouvelles et publications En bref
• L’APE avec la CEDEAO: l’oraison funèbre de l’intégration régionale ? (Ken Ukaoha)
• L’Afrique et la crise économique : arguments en faveur d’une plus grande flexibilité dans les APE (Emily Jones)
• Participation du secteur privé dans l’Aide pour le commerce : éliminer les obstacles à sa croissance (Trevor Simumba
• L’Union pour la Méditerranée : progrès, difficultés et marche à suivre (Stéphanie Colin)
• Aperçu sur l'OMC
• Point sur les négociations APE
• Calendrier et publications
** All-ACP **
* The ACP Ministerial Council has expressed anxiety for the EU to engage in "prior consultation" before any new marketing arrangements. ACP Council hears report of Special ACP Ministerial Conference on Sugar. Georgetown. 17-21 May 2009.
Online Editor, Pacific Islands News Association, 1 June 2009
The African Caribbean and Pacific (ACP) Ministerial Council has expressed anxiety for the European Union (EU) to engage in "prior consultation" before any new marketing arrangements avoid any "bitter" development in this export commodity, reports Jamaican Observer. The call came last week of the ACP Council in Brussels that received a report on the recent 11th Special ACP Ministerial Conference on Sugar held in Georgetown, Guyana, from 17-21 May. [...]
The overall aim in this "period of adjustments", as noted by the ACP ministerial conference, must be to ensure that the "transition is managed to avoid market disturbances and pressure on prices" in the EU sugar market against the benchmark of the reference prices. The ACP ministers feel that with six years remaining for the current EU sugar reform regime that ends in 2015, the existing Sugar Consultative Group should co-ordinate with the European Commission (executive arm of the EU) the creation of an appropriate "alert system" to facilitate timely exchange of information on sugar exports.
* ACP Council President's closing remarks to ACP fisheries meeting. 29 May 2009.
President's statement at joint ACP-EU Press Conference, ACP Secretariat, 29 May 2009
The President states that there is much to be done on the ACP regional fronts but just the same there was commitment to continue with the negotiation process, and implementation for the Caribbean region. In front of EU Trade Commissioner Baroness Catherine Ashton, the ACP Group again expressed two key demands in relation to the EPA process; (a) the need for greater flexibility in these exercises, and (b) that no country should be worse off at the end of the process. On both points, I was pleased that some EU countries as well as Commissioner Ashton expressed words of accommodation to these pleas.
-> see also below: Resources from Recent Events
* Main results of the ACP-EC Council of Ministers
Press release, Council of the European Union, 29 May 2009
The ACP-EC Council of Ministers met for its 34th session in Brussels on 28 and 29 May 2009. Ministers focused their discussions on the impact of the global economic and financial crisis on ACP States. [...] In addition, the ACP-EC Council of Ministers officially opened the negotiations for the second update of the Cotonou Agreement. [...]The ACP-EC Council of Ministers also held an open exchange of views to assess the state of the ongoing negotiations on Economic Partnership Agreements (EPAs) between the ACP States and the EC.
EN FR
-> see also below: Resources from Recent Events
** Caribbean **
* Renegotiate EPA: a very optimistic approach
Elaine Campbell, Centre For European Studies, CES, 12 June 2009
I do not wish to call the lobbying efforts by the academics, in order to "renegotiate the trade deal", a useless attempt. But I do think that this would cause our representatives in Brussels to become beggars without a cause. Our region has no cohesive plan of getting us out of a peripheral position of merely surviving as "Third World countries". (...) In our region we need a proactive civil society which simulates discussions on international issues affecting our daily lives. Also, we should take a more proactive, pre-emptive approach in countering the moves of the EU or any other country for that matter. Let the truth be known, decisions in Brussels are the outcome of long, internal EU debates and discussions involving local and national stakeholders right from the formative stages. To think that we could renegotiate EPA at this stage is very optimistic. We are simply not prepared.
* Les Accords de Partenariat Economique: Quel choix pour Haïti?
Yves Thomas Lundy, Le Nouvelliste en Haiti, 4 juin 2009
Un Etat qui prétend signer les Accords de partenariat économique (APE) avec l'Union Européenne sans avoir : «une parfaite maîtrise de sa politique commerciale et tarifaire, un mécanisme bien huilé d'autorégulation voire d'amélioration en continue du climat des investissements, un effort soutenu en vue du renforcement de la compétitivité des filières de production, un agenda clair sur les réformes internes ainsi que les coûts associés», commet une erreur monumentale. Non seulement cet Etat prend un risque énorme de ne plus exister, il hypothèque sine die et de manière irréversible ses chances de décollage économique. Pour faire court, avant de signer les APE, tout Etat responsable doit avoir comme unique objectif de minimiser les risques et de maximiser les gains associés à ceux-ci. Cet objectif paraît assez simple dans son énoncé, mais pour l'atteindre il faut avoir une vision claire et précise de la trajectoire que l'on a choisie seul ou associée avec les Etats de sa sous-région.
* Caribbean Regionalism
BBC Caribbean, 2 June 2009
In recent weeks, deepening rifts within Caricom have become apparent in the areas of migration, trade, the implementation of what has been agreed, and over inter-regional relationships. At the same time, a series of inter-regional trade disputes emerged involving Jamaica, Barbados and Trinidad, and Jamaica and Belize, raising difficult questions over the operation and viability of the Caribbean Single market and Economy (CSME). There is also growing concern at the highest levels about regional governments' and regional institutions continuing failure to implement in real time what is agreed. Speaking to Ministers before a recent meeting of Caricom's Council for Trade and Economic Development (COTED), Secretary General, Edwin Carrington, noted that there was a paramount need for firm decision-making and robust implementation. Caricom's credibility, he suggested, was on the line.
-> see also: Jamaica has accused Trinidad and Tobago of erecting barriers to trade , BBC Caribbean, 5 June 2009
* Jamaica may have to increase indirect taxes to make up for the cuts in revenues because of the European Partnership Agreement
The Caribbean Policy Research Institute ( CaPRI ), Go-Jamaica, 22 May 2009
CaPRI said because the space for EU trade in the Jamaican economy is small, the impact will not be very devastating. However, it said given that Jamaica already has a very high fiscal deficit and high tax rates, the fiscal impact is of greater concern. CaPRI has theorised that the fiscal consequence of the EPA will be nearly half a percentage point of Gross Domestic Product (GDP). According to CaPRI, the EPA will likely generate productivity increases, which will promote a certain amount of economic growth. As a result the policy, groups believe that ultimately, the economy and the standard of living will rise by a few percentage points. It said the trade element will not require significant restructuring of the Jamaican economy, while the fiscal adjustment will, at worst, be small. But CAPRI believes agriculture is the sector with the potential to suffer. It said the 10-percentage point tariff reduction on agricultural produce will lead to a four-fold increase in imports from the EU.
** West Africa **
* EU and West Africa move forward on regional Economic Partnership Agreement
Press release, European Commission, 17 June 2009
The European Union and West African countries have agreed to conclude a regional agreement on trade in goods and development cooperation by October 2009. EU Trade Commissioner Catherine Ashton and Commissioner for Development and Humanitarian Aid Louis Michel met Presidents Chambas and Cissé of the two regional organisations ECOWAS (Economic Community of West African States) and UEMOA (Union économique et monétaire ouest-africaine) and West African Ministers in Brussels . Both sides reaffirmed their commitment to moving forward the longer term process to build a lasting partnership between the EU and West Africa .
* Another shift in deadline, Nigeria skeptical of West African-EU EPA
Franklin Alli, Vanguard / bilaterals.org, 1 June 2009
The Economic Partnership Agreement (EPA) between Nigeria , 15 other West African States, and the European Union (EU) may not come into effect this month. Nigeria has expressed doubts about its readiness to sign the Economic Partnership Agreement (EPA) this month with the European Union (EU). The doubts were expressed by the Nigeria 's Minister of Commerce and Industry, Chief Achike Udenwa, during a one-day Ministerial Monitoring Committee on Negotiation of the Economic Partnership Agreement (EPA) between West Africa and the European Union (EU) held recently.
* ECOWAS Convergence Council approves revised plan for realisation of single currency for West Africa
ECOWAS Press Release, 25 May 2009
ECOWAS Ministers of Finance and the Governors of Central Banks of Member States approved revised road map for the realisation of a single currency for West Africa by 2020. Between 2009 and the first quarter of 2013, the map envisages the harmonisation of the regulatory and supervisory framework for banking and other financial institutions, the establishment of a payment system infrastructure for cross border transactions. By 2014, it is expected that the legal instruments for the creation of the West African Monetary (WAMZ) zone comprising Ghana, The Gambia, Guinea, Sierra Leone and Nigeria, would have been ratified followed the same year with the creation of the bank for the WAMZ zone, the WAMZ Secretariat and the West African Financial Supervisory Agency. Monetary union for the countries of the zone is scheduled to be realised on or before 2015 before the introduction of Eco, their common currency in January 2015.
** ESA **
* EAC begins deliberations on new trade deal with EU
Africanmanager, 16 June 2009
The talks are focusing on trade related issues, including Competition Policy, Investment and Private Sector Development, Trade, Environment and Sustainable Development and Intellectual Property Rights. The EAC Secretariat said on Monday it had scheduled a "dedicated session" on regional negotiations on the EPA, specifically targeting the negotiations on Trade in Services. At the Nairobi talks, the East African Business Council (EABC) and the International Lawyers and Economists Against Poverty (ILEAP) are expected to make presentations and share their perspectives on the preparatory process regarding EPA. In addition to providing views from the private sector on the preparations, talks will consider broader modalities, as well as issues related to the legal text, and the formulation of requests and offers.
-> see EAC press release: Regional EPA Negotiations on Economic and Development Cooperation Ongoing in Entebbe, Uganda , 9 June 2009
* COMESA: Countries opt out of customs union
Munyaradzi Mugowo, Financial Gazette / tralac, 15 June 2009
More than half of the 14 Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (COMESA) free trade area (FTA) members opted out of the regional economic bloc's ceremonial customs union which was launched in Victoria Falls on Sunday, 8 June 2009 by President Robert Mugabe, the new chairperson of the COMESA Authority of Heads of State and Government.
Thus far, around eight countries in the FTA have withheld their signatures, stating that they are either not ready for it, indifferent, or not convinced by the trade creation potential of the new arrangement, which many feel was launched prematurely.
During the official launch, the five members of the East African Community (EAC) - Burundi, Kenya, Rwanda, Tanzania, and Uganda - clearly stated that they would not join the COMESA customs union as it is also aiming to establish its customs union next year.
* Zambia, Finland Launch Aid for Trade Program
Xinhua, CRI English, 15 June 2009
Zambia and Finland launched a program here Monday to improve the southern African country's negotiating capacity in international trade agreements in order to allow it benefit more from international trade. The new aid for trade capacity building program will help build Zambia 's capacity in the areas of negotiating for trade and intellectual property rights among other things.
** SADC **
* South Africa Trade Minister says the country planning to set tariffs "on the basis of evidence, case by case", because the country has been "severely affected by the dry-up of capital".
Kristin Palitza, IPS / allAfrica.com, 11 June 2009
South African Trade Minister Rob Davies further stated "We don't want to be put in the dog box if we raise a few tariffs. We cannot afford to lose strategic investment capacity. That's not protectionism," Davies claimed, referring to South Africa's capacity to make investments to raise capital and credibility in existing and new markets. "It's a big mistake to think tariff increases are not in order," he further explained, while cautioning of over-regulation. "We need to use regulatory instruments the same as Western countries are using them."
* EPA Signing Threatens Southern African Customs Union
Servaas van den Bosch, Inter Press Service, 9 June 2009
Fears that accession to an economic partnership agreement (EPA) in Southern Africa will destroy regional integration seem to be coming true after Botswana, Lesotho and Swaziland (BLS) ignored a key provision of the Southern African Customs Union when they initialled their trade deal with the European Union last week.
* DTI says SA not threatening stability of Sacu, regional
Christy van der Merwe, Engineeringnews, 8 June 2009
DTI says that the legal requirements under the EPA were, in many instances, inconsistent with the requirements of SACU and these issues regarding the way various members of Sacu would comply with differing obligations to the EU now need to be addressed. DTI international trade and economic development deputy director-general Xavier Carim emphasised that South Africa was not threatening the union or the region, however, it was important to "deal with the real issues that arise through legally binding agreements and how they relate to one another". "How we manage the fact that we have different commitments to the EU, within a single customs union - that will be the difficulty and that is what we will have to address now," said Carim. "It is a question of the legal requirements to manage the way the union functions. This is not a political issue, these are legal requirements in order to protect our markets," he added.
* Southern Africa: SA Ready to Tighten Screws as EU Trade Row Turns Ugly
Linda Ensor and Mathabo Le Roux, Business Day (South Africa) via allAfrica.com, 5 June 2009
South Africa would step up trade barrier border controls with Botswana, Lesotho and Swaziland to prevent goods with easier rules of origin treatment or different import tariffs entering South Africa. Trade and Industry Minister, Rob Davies, sounded the warning after SA's neighbours broke ranks and signed an interim EPA with the EU on 4 June. South Africa, Namibia and Angola (which like Mozambique is not a member of SACU) withheld their signatures and also declined an invitation by the EU to attend the signing ceremony. Minister Davies also said imports must comply with the rules of origin under the South Africa Trade and Development Agreement. South Africa's chief trade EPA negotiator, Xavier Carim, said SACU would also have to reassess the distribution of revenues from the customs revenue pool. Such a change may hurt the countries that have signed the interim EPA because of their deep dependence on customs revenue to prop up national income.
* Economic Partnership Agreements: EU and Southern African countries sign interim deal
EC press release, 4 June 2009
The European Union signed an interim Economic Partnership Agreement (EPA) today with Botswana , Lesotho and Swaziland . Mozambique has signalled its intention to sign this agreement in the near future, but its trade minister was unable to come to Brussels today. This interim agreement secures EU market access for these countries while negotiations for a full EPA with the seven country Southern African Development Community (SADC) EPA group are ongoing. The other members of the SADC EPA group are South Africa , Namibia and Angola . Declarations attached to the interim EPA set out how the EU and the SADC EPA group will address outstanding controversial issues in the negotiations for a full EPA.
EN FR
-> see also: Economic Partnership Agreements: Mozambique joins EU-SADC Interim EPA in Maputo , EPA Flash News, European Commission, 17 June 2009
* Trade: 'You can't smoke cigars and bulldoze us'
Servaas van den Bosch, Terraviva Europe, 2 June 2009
Namibia will sign an economic partnership agreement (EPA) with the European Union (EU) when the outstanding contentious issues have been resolved through new wording in the texts of the interim EPA, says the country's trade and industry minister Hage Geingob. [...] "All we ask for now is that the contentious issues that came out during the meeting in Swakopmund in March are incorporated in the texts of the interim EPA but the EU has simply said 'no' to that.
-> see also: EU, Namibia Cross Swords
Jo-Mare Duddy, The Namibian / allAfrica.com. 9 June 2009
"It is obvious that these preferences cannot be maintained for an unlimited time," Lutz Güllner, spokesperson for EC Trade Commissioner Catherine Ashton, stressed in an e-mail to The Namibian. "While our immediate objective is to work with the Government of Namibia towards signature, as you know, we have a legal obligation to replace the former trade arrangements under the Cotonou Agreement with the WTO consistent trade agreements, the economic partnership agreements. Pending the signature of interim EPAs, the EU granted unilateral trade preferences to those countries which would otherwise not benefit from preferential access to the EU anymore," the EC official wrote. "My comments in no way suggested that there will be no consequences at all for Namibia is it does not sign the interim EPA," Güllner said.
-> see also earlier article referred to: Namibia: No Penalty for Not Signing EPA, Says EU , Jo-Mare Duddy, allAfrica.com, 8 June 2009
** Pacific **
* Pacific Forum Trade Ministers to consider regional trade issues at Samoa meeting
Press Statement, Pacific Islands Forum Secretariat, 4 June 2009
Developments in relation to the Pacific Agreement on Closer Economic Relations (PACER) will feature prominently in the discussions. This includes the current and possible future operations of the Regional Trade Facilitation Programme (RTFP) under PACER and the deepening of trade and economic cooperation among all Forum Members. Ministers will consider a draft road map to guide PACER Plus negotiations between Forum members and the establishment of an Office of the Chief Trade Advisor to assist Forum Island Countries in those negotiations. Ministers will also consider an update on trade capacity-building assistance to FICs and the establishment of a Trade and Development Facility to channel development assistance to FICs to promote trade-related activities in a cost effective, efficient manner.
-> see also below Resources from Recent Events
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III. Selection from the acp-eu-trade.org Library
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* Article XXIV of GATT and the EPA: Legal Arguments to support West Africa 's Market Access Offer
El Hadji Diouf, Enda ThirdWorld, document prepared on behalf of the West African Platform of Civil Society Organizations on the Cotonou Agreement (POSCAO- ACm), 2009
This analysis seeks to lay the legal framework to support the market access offer that West Africa has submitted to the European Commission within the framework of the EPA negotiations. It is based on the most sophisticated research methodologies and a thorough literature search. More specifically, the study analyzed the relevant documents of WTO, which were supplemented by interviews with experts in international trade law whose authority is undisputed. WTO rules and jurisprudence have been dissected. Disputes brought to the WTO, the interpretation of rulings as well as the practices of members have been thoroughly and objectively analyzed.
EN FR
* The Africa-EU Partnership on Trade, Regional Integration and Infrastructure: current state of affairs
Aurelie Walker, Stephanie Colin, ECDPM, 26 May 2009
This Background Note by ECDPM for the 18th Inter Regional Coordinating Committee meeting in Nairobi on 26 May 2009 gives an overview of the state of play on the implementation of this partnership. It considers some key challenges actors of the JAES are currently facing and presents opportunities for overcoming those challenges.
* How to ensure development friendly Economic Partnership Agreements - Lessons across regions - Services, Investments, other Trade Dimensions
Regine Qualmann, Deutsche Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeit (GTZ) GmbH, March 2009
The objective of the analysis presented in this reader was two-fold. First, the studies assess the developmental impact of the Cotonou issues as stated in the CARIFORUM EPA text. Thereby they contribute to filling a gap in current analyses, paying special attention to the development dimension as contained in the chapters on Cotonou issues. Aspects explored were among others the potential benefits of ‘locking-in' of policies as against losing policy space due to the inclusion of binding provisions in the agreements. Moreover, the authors looked into the possible implications of any 'WTO-plus' or 'GATS-plus' provisions in the respective chapters. Finally, all were asked to assess the likely impact - positive, negative or none - of the agreement on deepening regional integration within CARIFORUM, i.e. between Caribbean countries and sub-regions.
* EU EPAs, Economic and Social Development Implications: the case of the CARIFORUM-EC EPA
Paper, Third World Network, February 2009
This paper analyses the various chapters in EPAs. It begins with general comment and analysis of that particular issue, including in USFTAs and its possible consequences. (On some issues, USFTAs may have worse consequences for development than European ones. It is often a matter of degree as the principles are commonly similar). It then goes on to analyse specific provisions of the interim EPAs. For areas other than goods, the analysis is of the CARIFORUM- EU EPA as that is the only ACP-EU EPA which goes beyond goods. Interestingly, the CARIFORUM-EC EPA appears to be a basis for similar provisions for other EU bilateral/regional trade agreements from what we understand.
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IV. Resources from Recent Events
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* Pacific Forum Trade Ministers meeting
17-18 June 2009, Apia
-> Ministerial statement , 17 June 2009
* CARIFORUM Council of Ministers meeting
15 - 16 June 2009
-> Press release
* World Economic Forum on Africa , Cape Town
10 - 12 June 2009
-> Conference webpage with press releases and programs
* Inaugural EPA Seminar in the French Caribbean Outermost Regions (FCORs)
8 June 2009 , Guadeloupe
-> EPA Flash News , DG Trade, European Commission, 17 June 2009
* 13th COMESA Summit of Heads of State and Government, launch of the COMESA customs union
7 - 8 June 2009, Victoria Falls
-> Conference webpage with press releases, interviews and speeches
-> Final Communique EN FR
* ECOWAS - EU Joint Investment Forum
4 - 5 June 2009, Brussels
-> Press release , ECOWAS, 3 June 2009
* First Meeting of ACP Ministers in Charge of Fisheries
2 - 5 June 2009, Brussels
-> First Ministerial Meeting of ACP Ministers in Charge of Fisheries starts in Brussels , press release, ACP, 4 June 2009
-> Communiqué to the Press by the Chairman , 5 June 2009
-> Draft Resolution of the 1st Meeting of ACP Ministers in charge of Fisheries EN FR
-> CTA Briefing on IUU fishing EN FR
* 34th session of the ACP-EC Council of Ministers
28-29 May 2009, Brussels
Ministers adopted a resolution on the global economic and financial crisis, launched the second five year review of the Cotonou Agreement and exchanged views on EPA negotiations.
-> ACP-EU Joint Resolution on the economic and financial crisis EN FR
-> Press release, Council of the European Union, 29 May 2009 EN FR
-> Press release, ACP Secretariat, 3 June 2009 EN FR
* Public-private sector consultation on agri-business development in the Caribbean
27-28 May, Georgetown
-> Collection of press releases on the CARICOM website
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V. Resources on Upcoming Events
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* ECDPM Informal Workshop: 'EPA negotiations - Addressing the Contentious Issues and Delivering Development Support'
8-9 July 2009, Martin's Central Park , Brussels
-> Draft agenda
-> Conference webpage
* Second Global Review on Aid for Trade, WTO
6-7 July 2009
-> Information and draft agenda on the WTO website
* EAC-EC EPA negotiations at technical, senior officials and ministerial level
22 - 23 June 2009, Brussels
* 2nd EAC Investment Conference
24 - 27 June 2009 , Nairobi
-> Press release , EAC / African Press Organisation, 2 April 2009
* Civil society dialogue meeting on EPAs, DG Trade, European Commission
30 June 2009 , Brussels
-> Information and registration on DG Trade website
* Brussels Briefing: 'The Role of Livestock for ACP countries'
1 July 2009 , Brussels
Topics addressed will include how the livestock sector can become an effective driving force in strengthening the regional market in animal products, the conditions under which ACP exporters can access EU and international markets and how to strengthen the complementarities between commercial and small-scale production.
-> Programme EN FR
-> Conference webpage EN FR